13th Congress aftermath: our struggle for unity and law and order (10/23/83)

13th Congress aftermath: our struggle for unity and law and order

by John O. Flis

PART I

We all remember October 1980. It was the month of the infamous 13th Congress. But how have the UNA and the entire Ukrainian American community fared since then?

The UNA Supreme Executive Committee came out of the 13th Congress full of apprehension and uncertainty. So did the Ukrainian American community. It is absolutely normal for a human being to be uncertain at times.

However, as regards UNA actions at the congress, no one must suspect uncertainty on the part of the UNA Supreme Executive Committee. These seven men and women are elected and are expected to lead the UNA, which is the largest in membership, the wealthiest in assets, the oldest in years of existence, and the most patient in its attitude and actions of all Ukrainian American organizations.

The UNA delegates voted unanimously for the UNA to walk out of the 13th Congress. The UNA did. So did 26 other national organizations plus those which were not counted. Only the Liberation Front organizations were left in the convention hall; some of them were real organizations, while others existed only on paper. The hall was half empty after the great exodus.

We came back to the UNA offices on Monday following the infamous 13th Congress. We wanted someone, somewhere, somehow, to say something cheerful. No one did. We drank our coffee and muttered very little, but we became more talkative as we were finishing our coffee - more talkative and much louder.

"We must issue a statement and have it printed in Svoboda and The Ukrainian Weekly. Our members and the entire Ukrainian community must be reassured that the Supreme Executive Committee has not abandoned the interests of the UNA or forsaken our Ukrainian community." We immediately got down to formulating such a statement.

The UNA has always maintained a watchful eye on the happenings in our community and where necessary it sounded the drums as the community purified its ranks. One has but to recall the events before and after the first and second world wars to find out that the UNA acts the part of a public watchdog when it comes to protecting the interests and the safety of the Ukrainian American community.

Those of us who walked out of the 13th Congress were immediately dubbed and remain so, to the present time, according to the press controlled by the Banderivtsi, "undemocratic" and "poor losers."

No mention is made in that press of the real reasons there is no one else left in the UCCA except the Banderivtsi. No mention is made of the secretiveness with which the Liberation Front leadership prepared its attack against the entire non-Banderivsky Ukrainian American world. No mention is made of the seizure of more than half a million dollars in assets, real estate and ready cash that was amassed by the entire Ukrainian American community.

Nothing is ever mentioned about the loss by the Ukrainian American community of trust in its leadership since it permitted seizures by one political party of community wealth and community attainments.

Immediately after the walkout from the 13th Congress, the 27 or so organizations that walked out of the convention hall combined into the Committee for Law and Order in the UCCA in order to present one voice in the negotiating process which was certain to take place, we thought, in the very near future. I don't believe that there was one person who wanted a second central Ukrainian organization which would perform services for the Ukrainian community parallel to those services performed by the UCCA. We all wanted to reorganize the UCCA in such a manner that in the future no political organization or group of political organizations could seize control and use the UCCA for its own narrow purposes.

Not one of us believed that the UCCA would try to continue to exist without those 27 plus organizations that walked out. We all believed that our walkout would lead the Ukrainian Congress Committee to an immediate reassessment and revision of the entire organizational structure of this central Ukrainian organization. Little did we know that the organization which gained control of the UCCA was motivated by something other than good old American community horse sense and was guided by ideals which were far from democratic, and far from the original aims of the UCCA, i.e., to serve the Ukrainian cause.

If the Ukrainian American community remains divided today, it is not because of the organizations that stand askance of the UCCA. If blame has to be fixed for the division of our Ukrainian American community, let us fix the blame for the cause of our walkout from the hall where the 13th Congress of Ukrainian Americans was being held. The 27 organizations that walked out were not guilty of seizing the ruling organs of the UCCA; nor were they guilty of relegating the fraternal organizations, which had never been found guilty of being selfish, to a subordinate status within the UCCA framework; nor were these organizations guilty of seizing over half a million dollars in assets belonging to the Ukrainian American community; nor were these organizations guilty of deceptiveness, chicanery and subterfuge, before and during the 13th Congress, in seizing control of the UCCA; nor were they guilty of attempting to impose their political thinking upon others.

The members of the Committee for Law and Order in the UCCA have for over two and a half years made every effort to bring about unity in our community life. The committee was ready at all times to talk to the UCCA, listen to offers for mediation from any quarter, be it from hierarchy, clergy, organizations or individuals - all to no avail.

So that readers have a full picture of efforts made to bring about unity in our Ukrainian American community, the following is being written from detailed notes kept by the undersigned.

The first meeting

The Committee for Law and Order in the UCCA, upon its establishment, immediately dispatched a letter to Dr. Lev Dobriansky, president of the UCCA, stating that the members of the Law and Order Committee desired to meet with him and anyone else that he cared to bring with him, in order to discuss a possible compromise in regard to the problems which had arisen between the Liberation Front leadership, which seized control of the governing organs of the UCCA at the 13th Congress, and those Ukrainian national organizations which walked out of the convention hall of the Congress in protest against the conduct of the convention presidium; the secrecy under which the 13th Congress was organized and conducted; and the total disregard of, and violation of, the by-laws and the customs and procedures of the UCCA at the 13th Congress.

The committee had desired the meeting to take place as early as possible at the Ukrainian Institute of America. No response was received from Dr. Dobriansky. Ivan Bazarko, the UCCA's administrative director informed us that Dr. Dobriansky would meet with us on December 12, 1980. The meeting would take place not at the Ukrainian Institute of America (as we had requested), but at the UCCA headquarters.

Our committee did not wish to jeopardize any future talks between the two sides, so it agreed to the proposition related by Mr. Bazarko.

As expected, the UCCA sent out the first notice of meeting that was to be held on December 12, 1980, signed by Evhen Ivashkiv, as secretary of the UCCA and Mr. Bazarko as administrative director. It read, in part, as follows: "This meeting will attempt to resolve constructively the dissonances and disagreements that occurred between various central national organizations, which are part of the UCCA."

The notice was addressed to the Ukrainian National Association, the Ukrainian Fraternal Association, the Providence Association of Ukrainian Catholics, the Ukrainian National Aid Association, the Ukrainian National Women's League of America, the Organization for the Rebirth of Ukraine and the Association of Ukrainians in America. The Committee for Law and Order in the UCCA was not mentioned. "Ignore it and it will disappear," must have been their thought.

Why Providence and the Ukrainian National Aid Association were included in this notice is uncertain. Those two organizations did not walk out of the 13th Congress.

We had heard that Dr. Dobriansky insisted on this meeting, while others at the UCCA opposed scheduling it. They were to argue that: "No organization resigned from the UCCA, so what is there to discuss? All those that walked out of the 13th Congress could return to the UCCA and take the places reserved for them." That was to be the gist of all their arguments at the peace table. What we were afraid of was that what the Liberation Front leaders really meant was: "return to the UCCA and we'll tell you what to do."

The opposing negotiating teams were composed of Mr. Bazarko, Ignatius Billinsky, Askold Lozynskyj, Lev Futala, Mr. Ivashkiv, Alexander Kalynyk, Jaroslaw Sawka, Bohdan Todoriw and, of course, Dr. Dobriansky.

The team from the Committee for Law and Order was composed of Dr. Bohdan Shebunchak, Iwanna Rozankowsky, Roman Danyluk, Ivan Oleksyn and myself.

As we walked in, everyone was tense. We shook some hands and indulged in some insignificant chit-chat to brighten the atmosphere that prevailed.

Dr. Dobriansky commenced by extolling both sides to mend the existing rift. He called for a united front in meeting the challenges before all Ukrainians.

The committee did not intend to be drawn into polemics with Dr. Dobriansky's team. We knew that it would not be an easy task to convince them of the righteousness of our cause. We did expect Dr. Dobriansky to wield his influence. But he didn't. We expected him to at least be neutral. But he wasn't. Members of the UCCA delegation noticed my tape recorder on the conference table. They were against recording the proceedings and made their feelings known. Not to further antagonize our adversaries, I put the recorder away.

It is our understanding that at the last UCCA executive board meeting when Dr. Dobriansky had proposed a "presidents" meeting with our committee, the leaders of the Liberation Front would not permit him to meet with our committee and appointed big guns of the Liberation Front like Messrs. Billinsky, Futala, Lozynskyj and Ivashkiv to go help him.

Although this was a meeting called by the president and he could have proposed the settlement terms, being fully aware of the cause of our walkout at the 13th Congress, he turned to our committee and asked: "What is it that you want?"

This committee was then compelled to present its demands in order to get the talks moving. We submitted that compromise could only be reached on the basis of the following four points.

1. Full return to the UCCA By-Laws of 1976 and to the objectives for which the UCCA was formed.

2. Return to the rotational system of the executive vice-presidency of the UCCA, whereby that office was held a year each by the four fraternals.

3. Return to the original character of the UCCA as a patriotic community organization and not a party-political organization, as it turned out to be at the 13th Congress.

4. Prior approval of items on the agenda for meetings of the Executive Committee and of the National Council of the UCCA. The approval should be made by the Presidium or another body, the membership of which would be agreed upon.

A return to by-laws of 1976, before the illegal increase of the Executive Committee from 15 to 25, would guarantee an equal voice on the UCCA bodies to the democratically inclined organizations, since the increase in the number of Executive Committee members resulted in the Liberation Front acquiring the absolute majority in that body. Points 2 and 3 are self-explanatory. Point 4 would guarantee that the UCCA Executive Committee and the National Council would consider at their meetings only items agreed upon beforehand as proper for their consideration and action. This would forego the return to the Grigorenko matter which had received so much unwarranted attention at UCCA meetings and in our Ukrainian press - all at the instigation of the Liberation Front leadership which claimed this to be a major issue facing the Ukrainian American community.

With the delegates from the Law and Order Committee, Point 2 was negotiable and, if all else went well, the right to the rotational system for the fraternals could be surrendered in part, or perhaps in total. The Ukrainian National Association and Ukrainian Fraternal Association had voluntarily agreed to that.

Mr. Billinsky immediately entered the frey, announcing that only two of the above points could be discussed. The return to the rotational system for choosing vice-presidents and the creation of a body to approve the agenda for meetings of the Executive Committee and the National Council, could be discussed. Points 1 and 3 could not be discussed since, in his opinion, the UCCA By-Laws had not been violated at the 13th Congress and the original purposes of the UCCA are and were strictly adhered to throughout.

Dr. Shebunchak, on the other hand, hit back hard. He claimed the 13th Congress to have been illegal. The other side was obstinate about this point and he knew it. But he threw in a bone for compromise. He stated that the requirement of the by-Laws of 1976 calling for 15 members on the UCCA Executive Committee could be open to compromise if all other items were agreed upon.

There were suggestions by the UCCA negotiating team that Dr. Shebunchak accept for the Organization for the Rebirth of Ukraine (ODVU) a two-year term as executive vice-president, while the other two years would be served by Mr. Billinsky of the Liberation Front. Dr. Shebunchak, knowing that this was a ruse to drive a wedge between the fraternals and their ally, ODVU, refused, saying that ODVU has all the representation it needs; therefore it has no desire to seek compromise on this point. "Our organization is opposed to political leaders occupying such posts," he said.

Mr. Billinsky maintained that the fraternals no longer performed a useful service for the UCCA. He concluded that the Liberation Front now does most of the work in the field and, as a consequence, if the Liberation Front walked out of the UCCA, the UCCA would soon fold up. A questionable conclusion, our committee thought. Are not Svoboda and Narodna Volia part of the fraternals? Mr. Billinsky would probably now wish they weren't.

Dr. Shebunchak, who is president of ODVU, stressed one important point - although he himself was a representative of a political party, the Melnykivtsi - that the Ukrainian community does not want domination from any Ukrainian political party. The entire argument was stated in that one concise sentence. The UCCA representatives acted as if this had never been uttered and quickly changed the subject.

Mr. Ivashkiv, seeing that things were getting out of order, argued that he foresaw the rotational system as our main problem. Again, an attempt to separate the fraternals from their allies. He admitted that Ukrainian fraternals had been faithful to the UCCA and had performed a volume of work for it in the past. They should be given a place on the rotational system. He proposed that these negotiating meetings to reach compromise on differences be continued every two weeks until a final compromise was reached. But, since, as he claimed, he was not a representative of the Liberation Front, we did not know how much reliance to place on this proposition.

Surprising to the Law and Order Committee, in view of the fact that this meeting was called by the UCCA president to bring the parties together to discuss their differences, was Dr. Dobriansky's assertion that "the bottomline argument was the fact of majority vote," evidently approving the proceedings of the entire congress because the result represented the will of the "majority." "The Liberation Front worked hard for a majority and must have recognition for this work." He continued, "We must face fundamental reality - majority rules." He didn't know how much we disagreed with him.

Mr. Futala extended another invitation to Dr. Shebunchak - anything to divide and conquer - that Mr. Billinsky (Banderivtsi) and Dr. Shebunchak (Melnykivtsi) split the four years' rotation. He didn't get far.

I was asked to enumerate, item by item, how the UCCA By-Laws had been violated before and at the convention. I agreed to prepare such a report within two weeks and present it at the next meeting.

Some very important developments came up at this first meeting. First, as was claimed by Messrs. Billinsky and Lozynskyj, "Flis is against the Liberation Front." Nonsense. For 25 years Flis worked, as an attorney, with Banderivtsi as he did with all other members of the community. A leopard doesn't change his spots overnight.

The Liberation Front representatives claimed that the rotational system in choosing the vice-president was the most acute problem that we faced. The walkout from the 13th Congress took place because the rotational system was taken away from the fraternals, they said. In fact, the walkout took place with the entire non-Banderivsky assemblage taking part. Why? If the rotational system was the greatest irritant at the 13th Congress, as claimed now by the Liberation Front, why did 27 organizations and not just the two fraternals, walk out of the 13th Congress?

Both sides having drawn up uncompromising lines, at the suggestion of Mr. Ivashkiv it was proposed and accepted that the next meeting would be held on January 16, 1981, at the UCCA office.

Prior to the second meeting I had been invited through the good offices of Mr. Bazarko to meet with Mr. Ivashkiv, one of the participants at the original conference. I accepted. Our Law and Order Committee was informed that such a meeting was taking place so that the opposition could not claim that "Flis is already talking to us about return of the UNA into the fold."

Nothing materialized from these talks, since I insisted on compliance with our original four demands. He proclaimed right then and there that the Liberation Front would never agree to our demands.

The second meeting

The second meeting in Dr. Dobriansky's effort to mediate the differences between the "in group," the UCCA, and the "group looking in" the Committee for Law and Order in the UCCA, took place on January 16, 1981.

Olha Kuzmowycz was a welcome addition to our negotiating team, opposing team stood as was.

Dr. Dobriansky opened the meeting by saying that as a result of the last meeting, only one point remained to be settled. I disagreed with Dr. Dobriansky. There was disagreement on more than one point. Mr. Billinsky immediately warned all not to indulge in polemics because it would lead to futility.

I stated that I was asked at the last meeting to show proof of the total disregard and violation of the UCCA By-Laws at the 13th Congress. I was ready to read such proof at this time.

Mr. Oleksyn, president of Ukrainian Fraternal Association, backed me and reminded Dr. Dobriansky that he had agreed to have such report read at this meeting.

Dr. Dobriansky acquiesced. I was requested to read my list of violations of the UCCA By-Laws perpetrated by the representatives of the Liberation Front at the 13th Congress. I read in Ukrainian.

* * *

Lawlessness of the 13th Congress

During the 13th Congress of Ukrainian Americans that was held in Philadelphia October 10-12, 1980, as well as during the preparations for it (and in many instances even prior to that time), actions were taken and situations occurred which by their very nature and content were blatant violations and in direct opposition not only to the established law and order of the by-laws, resolutions and regulations of congresses and UCCA authorities, but also to the fundamental principles and goals upon which and for which the UCCA was created 40 years ago.

For example:

1. Title. The First Congress was held in Washington in 1940 under the formal title "Congress of American Ukrainians." The Second Congress was called and took place in Philadelphia in 1944, formally titled "Congress of Americans of Ukrainian Descent." All subsequent congresses were held using the title "Congress of American Ukrainians." Resolutions, greetings, etc., which were passed by these congresses, began as follows: "We, Americans of Ukrainian descent..." In this context, we mention also the "Renewed confirmation of the political principles of the UCCA," that was proposed by UCCA president Dr. Lev Dobriansky and passed in New York on March 20, 1965, by the UCCA Executive Committee, the first principle of which states: "The UCCA is in all respects an American organization with a first and foremost task to look after the well-being and safety of the United States of America." All this was dictated with a verity, that we, as American citizens, born or naturalized, can with incomparably more success help our Ukrainian nation in its struggle for freedom and national liberty, by demanding this of our American government and gaining the good will and support of our entire American nation.

However, at the 12th Congress that was held in New York in October 1976, the UCCA secretary, Ignatius Billinsky, proposed that congresses be held using the title "Congress of Ukrainians in U.S.A." But the congress, after discussion, passed the formal title, as it was subsequently included in the UCCA By-Laws (Article IV): "Conventions of all UCCA members are held using the title 'Congress of Ukrainian Americans.'"

Now, in the first communique issued by the Executive Committee of the UCCA (dated April 23, 1980) it is given "The 13th Congress of Ukrainians in America will be held" Error? Hardly. The official Congress Report Book carries the following title (on the cover and on the title page): 13th Congress of Ukrainians in U.S.A. This must mean that some other congress was held, one not foreseen or called for by the UCCA By-Laws.

2. Remote control. The deliberate forcing of the un-statutory title upon the congress is additionally underscored by an article written by Ignatius Billinsky, titled: "On the Brink of Community Irresponsibility," published in the ODFFU (Organization for the Defense of Four Freedoms for Ukraine) Visnyk and disseminated on separate leaflets by Liberation Front members. In this article Mr. Billinsky uses only the un-statutory title and clearly writes about the participation in that congress of delegates from member-organizations of the Ukrainian Liberation Front. It is a known fact that the Ukrainian Liberation Front is not an incorporated American organization and that its central headquarters are located outside the United States. The takeover of the UCCA by organizations that are merely replicas in the United States of a "foreign" headquarters would be in complete violation of the UCCA By-Laws and would lawfully render it a "foreign agency" with a legal requirement to register as such with the Department of Justice. To clarify, we add, that although such an "agency" of itself does not signify any wrongdoing and can even be beneficial to the United States, in the case of the UCCA it does not follow the existing by-laws.

3. Grigorenko resolution. The resolution regarding "the political conception of Gen. Petro Grigorenko," proposed by Ignatius Billinsky and passed by the UCCA National Council on December 15, 1979, is by its form and content, as well as by the procedure followed in its proposal and adoption, in complete violation and opposition to the UCCA By-Laws and their law and order, and in obvious testimony to the validity of the above-mentioned points.

4. Preparations for the Congress. Facts confirm that the committee preparing for the congress, chaired by Ignatius Billinsky, proceeded with its preparations in a planned and steadfast manner which included one aim: the takeover of the UCCA by the Liberation Front, allowing for clear violations of the by-laws and the established law and order. Let us only mention: falsification of the representative members of the nominating committee; lawlessness of the meetings and proposals of the publications committee; full disregard for the established practices of the committee on resolutions and the preparations for the draft of the resolutions. (The Committee on Resolutions did not hold any meetings and did not prepare a draft of the resolutions.)

5. Delegates, their registration and qualifications. The first communique from the UCCA Executive Committee concerning the "13th Congress of Ukrainians in U.S.A." listed the deadline for the election and registration of delegates as September 15, 1980. It is said that the UCCA Executive Committee extended the deadline to the end of September. However, we are not aware of any public notification of such an extension. Instead, we do know of several "delegates" whom no one elected, who did not have any statutory qualifications, who registered themselves during the time of the congress and who received all the rights and privileges of delegates and actively participated in the congress and cast votes. It is certainly apparent that it takes just one such "delegate" to nullify the entire congress and any decisions it might have made.

6. Congress. The preparations for the congress, as well as the entire congressional proceedings were in complete violation of established law and order beginning with the adoption of the rules of procedure. The report of the nominating committee, with its disregard of the by-laws regarding the number of Executive Committee members and the way in which the agreed-to rotational system of carrying out the duties and responsibilities of UCCA executive vice-president were eliminated, were the straw that broke the camel's back and forced the representatives of virtually all those institutions and organizations that are not "controlled from a distance" by the Liberation Front to walk out of the congress or protest its conduct and the resolutions that it passed.

* * *

In addition to the above, I ad libbed quite a bit. But when I talk I can't write at the same time. So I didn't make any notes as to what I said.

As I concluded my report, Mr. Billinsky reacted as if someone had poured boiling water on him. Said he: "I did not expect that matters would be allowed to degenerate to such a low level. It is insulting to representatives of the UCCA, and if the opposition will so continue, then I refuse to engage in further discussion." He was especially affronted and angered by my dissertation on whether the present UCCA is an organization of American Ukrainians or of Ukrainians living in America. He stated that all of the points made by me were "unimportant" and "unsubstantial." He had thought we would be discussing the future and not such "inessential" matters as those enumerated by me, he said.

If Mr. Billinsky thought he was succeeding in terrorizing me, he was mistaken. "I must be doing something right if he is reacting this way," I said to myself.

Mr. Lozynskyj came to his rescue, seeing that Mr. Billinsky needed help. He declared that doing away with the rotational system seemed to be the crux of the problem at this time. He asked why I did not adhere to the agreement reached at our first meeting as to suspension of polemics in our newspapers while negotiations were taking place. I answered that news about our first meeting was only printed after the appearance in America, the Ukrainian daily published by the Providence Association of Ukrainian Catholics, of an article by Mr. Billinsky in which he claimed that the first meeting had almost produced agreement. The Svoboda article was printed to inform readers of the truth about the meeting and about the work of the Law and Order Committee.

Mr. Billinsky announced that he would not hold discussions with any "committee" but only with former members of the UCCA. Dr. Dobriansky and Mr. Mazur agreed with him. I then reminded Dr. Dobriansky that he was first invited to met with the Law and Order Committee at the outset of our negotiations. Discussion brought out the fact that Dr. Dobriansky had never received the invitation from this committee and had never heard of its existence.

Mr. Oleksyn confirmed our stand. We were a committee representing 27 organizations which had exited from the 13th Congress.

Dr. Dobriansky insisted that the fact remained that the opposition did not do enough spade work in preparation for the 13th Congress and did not send enough delegates to the convention. Respect must be shown for the "democratic majority," he said.

He accused the committee of insincerity and of having no desire to compromise. He failed to add that the representatives of the Liberation Front had refused to even listen to the "insincerity" of the "opposition."

Mr. Billinsky joined in and stated that he had discussed all the arguments voiced by the "opposition." Mr. Lozynskyj advised the "opposition" to get rid of its hatred of the Banderivtsi.

The return of the rotational system to the fraternals received a little attention from Mr. Todoriw and Dr. Dobriansky. Dr. Dobriansky repeated the offer made by the Liberation Front at the 13th Congress, i.e. a rotational system based on two years for Mr. Billinsky and two years for the fraternals. This had been rejected by the Ukrainian National Association and the Ukrainian Fraternal Association a number of times before on the theory that a political party does not belong in the rotational system and because the fraternals believed in earnest that the political party would at the next congress swallow the entire four-year rotational system at the fraternals' expense.

Mrs. Rozankowsky, president of the UNWLA, then spoke for her organization, which has members of various political and religious inclinations. "The UCCA being a central organization," she continued, "should not take a stand on any controversial political matters."

Mr. Billinsky then stated that the "opposition" still insisted on the four points presented. Evidently speaking for the UCCA, he dismissed three of the points as impossible to accept. The fourth point could be discussed, he said, but he didn't say which.

I, speaking for the Law and Order Committee, then stated that if the present UCCA would not accept any of our terms for reconciliation, there remained nothing else to be said or done at this meeting.

Mr. Billinsky remarked that this was the first time in his memory that the fraternal had shown so much concern for others. This hurt, but neither I nor Mr. Oleksyn retorted as we would have liked.

Some on both sides rose to leave as Mr. Todoriw continued, favoring further discussions. "As long as we sit and discuss our difficulties, we are sure to come up with solutions," he said. The hour was late. Dr. Dobriansky declared the negotiations as having concluded. "The executive of the UCCA will continue its work," he said, "and the door to community peace is always open."

What did he mean: that negotiations were ended and that he would not call another such meeting? Or did he mean that only this session was over? We walked out a little disappointed that the Liberation Front leadership had been so unyielding.

I never did find out if Dr. Dobriansky meant to call another session in these talks. I sustained a stroke on February 3, 1981. Walter Sochan, our secretary, rode the ambulance with me to the Jersey City Medical Center, where I was hospitalized for four weeks. From there I went to the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation in West Orange, N.J., where I spent another six weeks.

At least one thing can be said about spending such a long time in a hospital: you sure have a lot of time to think, to think and reassess the importance of things that you deem important in your life. This I did.

Next week: The unsuccessful efforts of the World Congress of Free Ukrainians at peace-making.

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